EnglishThe three Arab regions adjacent to foreigners suffered great weakness and inferiority. The people
there were either masters or slaves, rulers or subordinates. Masters, especially the foreigners, had
claim to every advantage; slaves had nothing but responsibilities to shoulder. In other words,
arbitrary autocratic rulership brought about encroachment on the rights of subordinates, ignorance,
oppression, iniquity, injustice and hardship, and turning them into people groping in darkness and
ignorance, viz., fertile land which rendered its fruits to the rulers and men of power to extravagantly
dissipate on their pleasures and enjoyments, whims and desires, tyranny and aggression.
The Sealed Nectar